THE ROLE OF GENERAL STUDIES IN CHARACTER FORMATION AND CHANGE AMONG UNDERGRADUATES IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN IMO STATE, NIGERIA

Abstract

Rising concerns over increasing moral decline, indiscipline, cult activities, exam malpractice, and other antisocial behaviors among university students have raised questions about higher education’s ability to instill essential values and support character development. This study explored the impact of General Studies (GST) programmes on shaping character and influencing behavior among undergraduate students in tertiary institutions in Imo State, Nigeria. It specifically assessed how GST courses contribute to developing moral values, civic responsibility, interpersonal abilities, national awareness, leadership skills, and ethical behavior. Using a descriptive survey design grounded in social learning and moral development theories, data were collected from 450 students across selected institutions through structured questionnaires and documentary sources. Results indicated that GST courses—especially those covering communication skills, entrepreneurship, peace and conflict resolution, citizenship education, philosophy, and information literacy—play a meaningful role in shaping students’ attitudes, values, and social conduct. The findings also showed that engagement with these courses strengthens critical thinking, fosters tolerance and patriotism, promotes responsible citizenship, and supports positive behavioral changes. Nonetheless, several obstacles hinder the programme’s effectiveness, including limited teaching resources, negative student perceptions toward GST courses, overcrowded classes, and a lack of practical application. Despite these limitations, the study confirmed that General Studies remain a crucial part of higher education, contributing significantly to the development of ethically sound, socially conscious, and well-rounded graduates. To improve outcomes, the study recommended enhancing the GST curriculum, employing more innovative teaching methods, and incorporating value-based and experiential learning strategies. It concluded that General Studies education is a vital tool for encouraging positive character development and supporting holistic growth among undergraduates in tertiary institutions in Imo State, Nigeria.