The Influence of the Geography of the Touggourt Region on Shaping the Relationship of Rebellion against Ottoman Authority in the Late Ottoman Period

Abstract

Geographical and Natural Factors Played a Fundamental Role in Shaping the Lifestyle of the Inhabitants of Touggourt in Southeastern Algeria, within the Wadi Righ Region, and in Determining the Nature of their Relationship with the Ottoman Authorities. Those who Examine this Relationship will Find it Characterized by Rebellion and Conflict for much of the Period, particularly towards the End of Ottoman Rule, influenced Primarily by Geographical Factors.

We will Highlight the Impact of the Geography of the Touggourt Region in Determining the Nature of its Relationship with the Central Authority represented in the Beylik of the East. This Factor became a Real Influence and Paved the Way for Other Different Factors in Adopting a Policy of Rebellion and Rejection, through its Remote Location from the Seat of Power, the Difficulty of the Diverse Topography, the Unsuitable Climate, the Vast Area, the Rugged Land Routes, and So On, as well as the People of Touggourt’s Commitment to Defending their Land and Soil against the Dangers Surrounding them. Faced with this Approach; The Authority had to Confront it with Many Peaceful and Non-Peaceful Means and Methods to Limit its Rebellion and Make it an Area of ​Influence within the Framework of the Policy of Submission and Subservience.